Computers And Electronics Articles And Ebooks.: December 2009

Thursday, December 17, 2009

Reveal The Data From Dead HardDisk

It happens to us all, sooner or later. We boot up our computer and *BAM* that’s it. Blue screen of death (BSOD). The hard drive has failed. But the baby shower pictures are on there! But my doctoral thesis is on there! But my fan fiction of Harry Potter Meets Captain Kirk is on there! But you’ve been making regular backups, right?
Fear not. You may be able to learn how to get data off a dead hard drive, all by yourself. Now a word of warning, if the hard drive has already physically failed and the disks in it won’t spin, then there isn’t much you can do but contact a data recovery specialist. I suppose you could order an identical hard drive via eBay and carefully take the platters out and put them into the new hard drive. However, if you are that technically inclined, this article is way beneath you!

If you get a BSOD then something may have happened to make your hard drive not boot, or start the operating system. This could be because of a faulty hard drive driver (the software that tells the computer how to use the hard drive) or it could be because of a loose connection. If you feel adventurous, you could check to make sure the connection is good inside the computer.

With some luck, that won’t be the case. If your computer continues on to give you some start up options in white text on a black screen, try choosing Last Known Good Configuration. That will start the computer into a backed-up version of Windows when life was good. It may be missing some recently added files and settings, but at least you’ll get the majority of your work back. At this point, it would be a good idea to perform a ScanDisk or CheckDisk task.

Your computer doesn’t take you to the start-up options page? Hmmm. Well, what you can do is try booting your computer from the Windows disk that came with your computer. Hopefully you have that still.

You may need to go into your BIOS settings and change the start-up disk setting to CD-ROM Drive.

Once your computer boots into the Windows disk,you’ll have some options. One of them will be the Recovery Console. Choose that by pressing the R key.

Chances are you only have one installation of Windows on your computer, so that’s the installation you’ll choose to work with.
When asked for your Administrator’s password, enter it and continue. If you didn’t set up an Administrator’s password, just hit enter to continue.

Now, you’ll be presented with a black screen with white text. At the prompt, type chkdsk /r. What this does is run the Check Disk utility on the hard drive and repairs any problems it might find. If this does the trick, your computer will reboot and work fine. Note, however, that now would be a VERY good time to make a back up of your hard drive and look into buying a new one. If this happens again, you’ll be very lucky to recover it once more.

If that doesn’t work, boot into the Recovery console again. There are two other commands you may want to try:Fixboot,which rewrites the startup sector on your hard drive, and Fixmbr, which repairs the Master Boot Record.

Those are pretty advanced commands to use, so you may not want to run them. Run at your own risk, is all I can say.
There is also a device you can buy, which is pretty inexpensive, that allows you take your hard drive, connect it to this device, and then plug it into the USB port of another computer.This does require you to remove your hard drive from its current computer.

What happens is that the computer you plugged it into, treats it as a slave drive. That means that it doesn’t need to access the operating system, so you should be able to transfer over your files from the failing hard drive. The defunct hard drive shows up as an external USB drive in Window’s Explorer so you can simply drag and drop from it.
I have used one of these many times. What I have found is that as long as the platters spin, I’m able to recover the data.

Hide Hard Drives

When you need to secure your important data from other users, there are so many choice over there like folder protect,hide folder and much more. But imagine if your data size is more than 100 GB then it is not easy to burn it on CD or protect it. So don't worry friends, I am posting a trick by using this trick you can save your full drive by hiding it from other users. You can hide your drives without any Registry Edit.

1. Log on as Administrator

2. Click on Start button then click on Run > Type CMD

3.Now type diskpart at the command prompt and wait for 5 seconds to appear diskpart> utility.

4.To show the list of volume, type list volume

command after the diskpart> prompt, this command will show you all system drives detail.

5.Now Select the volume that you want to hide for example

If you want to hide F drive then first type select volume 2 (in this case) and hit enter button.

6.After selecting volume, type Remove letter F (in this case) to hide F drive.

7. DONE. Now you hide your drive successfully..to verify go to My Computer
and check drives

8.But next time, when you want to unhide the F drive, just type assign letter F command after loading volume 2.

IP Address Tracker

DomainResolver is small free to use tool which lets you find the IP address of any website on web with its domain name.

You just need to type in the domain name and press the resolve button at the bottom of the application to get the IP address of the website.

Also mark the entry "try to resolve the location" to find the exact location of websites..

Screenshots:

Click here to download
http://rapidshare.com/files/265671483/domainresolver.exe

Detect Hacker Attack

How to Detect a Hacker Attack Please check if you think that your PC is infected

Most computer vulnerabilities can be exploited in a variety of ways. Hacker attacks may use a single specific exploit, several exploits at the same time, a misconfiguration in one of the system components or even a backdoor from an earlier attack.

Due to this, detecting hacker attacks is not an easy task, especially for an inexperienced user. This article gives a few basic guidelines to help you figure out either if your machine is under attack or if the security of your system has been compromised. Keep in mind just like with viruses, there is no 100% guarantee you will detect a hacker attack this way. However, there's a good chance that if your system has been hacked, it will display one or more of the following behaviours.

Windows machines:

Suspiciously high outgoing network traffic. If you are on a dial-up account or using ADSL and notice an unusually high volume of outgoing network (traffic especially when you computer is idle or not necessarily uploading data), then it is possible that your computer has been compromised. Your computer may be being used either to send spam or by a network worm which is replicating and sending copies of itself. For cable connections, this is less relevant - it is quite common to have the same amount of outgoing traffic as incoming traffic even if you are doing nothing more than browsing sites or downloading data from the Internet.

Increased disk activity or suspicious looking files in the root directories of any drives. After hacking into a system, many hackers run a massive scan for any interesting documents or files containing passwords or logins for bank or epayment accounts such as PayPal. Similarly, some worms search the disk for files containing email addresses to use for propagation. If you notice major disk activity even when the system is idle in conjunction with suspiciously named files in common folders, this may be an indication of a system hack or malware infection.

Large number of packets which come from a single address being stopped by a personal firewall. After locating a target (eg. a company's IP range or a pool of home cable users) hackers usually run automated probing tools which try to use various exploits to break into the system. If you run a personal firewall (a fundamental element in protecting against hacker attacks) and notice an unusually high number of stopped packets coming from the same address then this is a good indication that your machine is under attack. The good news is that if your personal firewall is reporting these attacks, you are probably safe. However, depending on how many services you expose to the Internet, the personal firewall may fail to protect you against an attack directed at a specific FTP service running on your system which has been made accessible to all. In this case, the solution is to block the offending IP temporarily until the connection attempts stop. Many personal firewalls and IDSs have such a feature built in.

Your resident antivirus suddenly starts reporting that backdoors or trojans have been detected, even if you have not done anything out of the ordinary. Although hacker attacks can be complex and innovative, many rely on known trojans or backdoors to gain full access to a compromised system. If the resident component of your antivirus is detecting and reporting such malware, this may be an indication that your system can be accessed from outside.

Unix machines:

Suspiciously named files in the /tmp folder. Many exploits in the Unix world rely on creating temporary files in the /tmp standard folder which are not always deleted after the system hack. The same is true for some worms known to infect Unix systems; they recompile themselves in the /tmp folder and use it as 'home'.

Modified system binaries such as 'login', 'telnet', 'ftp', 'finger' or more complex daemons, 'sshd', 'ftpd' and the like. After breaking into a system, a hacker usually attempts to secure access by planting a backdoor in one of the daemons with direct access from the Internet, or by modifying standard system utilities which are used to connect to other systems. The modified binaries are usually part of a rootkit and generally, are 'stealthed' against direct simple inspection. In all cases, it is a good idea to maintain a database of checksums for every system utility and periodically verify them with the system offline, in single user mode.

Modified /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, or other system files in the /etc folder. Sometimes hacker attacks may add a new user in /etc/passwd which can be remotely logged in a later date. Look for any suspicious usernames in the password file and monitor all additions, especially on a multi-user system.

Suspicious services added to /etc/services. Opening a backdoor in a Unix system is sometimes a matter of adding two text lines. This is accomplished by modifying /etc/services as well as /etc/ined.conf. Closely monitor these two files for any additions which may indicate a backdoor bound to an unused or suspicious port.

Linux Basic Commands

For changing directory / to /etc
[root@pc1 /]# cd /etc

One step back /etc to /
[root@pc1 etc]# cd ..

Go to previous working directory
[root@pc1 /]# cd -

Go to current login user home directory
[root@pc1 etc]# cd ~

Show the contents of /etc in single color
[root@pc1 ~]# dir /etc

Show the contents of /etc in different colors with nature of contents
[root@pc1 ~]# Ls /etc

create a folder on root partition
[root@pc1 ~]# mkdir /disk

Create a folder in /disk
[root@pc1 ~]# mkdir /disk/dir

Create multiple folder in multiple directories with single command
[root@pc1 ~]# mkdir /etc/dir1 /var/dir2 /usr/dir3

Create multiple folder in same directory
[root@pc1 ~]# mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3

Copy a file in directory
[root@pc1 disk]# cp file dir

Copy a file from /disk/file and paste it in /disk/dir/
[root@pc1 disk]# cp /disk/file /disk/dir

Copy a directory with -r option
[root@pc1 disk]# cp -r dir dir2

Copy a file from /disk/file and paste it in /etc with myfile name
[root@pc1 disk]# cp /disk/file /etc/myfile

Remove a file
[root@pc1 disk]# rm file

Remove a file with forcefully option
[root@pc1 disk]# rm -f file

Remove a directory with out -r option and you face will an error
[root@pc1 disk]# rm dir

Remove a directory with -r option
[root@pc1 disk]# rm -r /disk

Remove a directory with forcefully option
[root@pc1 disk]# rm -rf dir

Move /etc/dir1 to /disk/ with different name
[root@pc1 disk]# mv /etc/dir1 /disk/mydir

Rename the folder name mydir to dir
[root@pc1 disk]# mv /disk/mydir /disk/dir

Rename the file name with myfile
[root@pc1 disk]# mv file myfile

Read a file page by page with less command
[root@pc1 disk]# less /etc/grub.conf

Read a file page by page with more command
[root@pc1 disk]# more /etc/qrub.conf

Read first ten lines of grub.conf
[root@pc1 disk]# head /etc/grub.conf

Read last ten lings of grub.conf
[root@pc1 disk]# tail /etc/grub.conf

Read first 12 lines with -n option
[root@pc1 disk]# head -n 12 /etc/grub.conf

Read last 11 lines with -n option
[root@pc1 disk]# tail -n 11 /etc/grub.conf

Copy the contents of /etc/grub.conf in /disk/file
[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/grub.conf > /disk/file

Append the contents /etc/mtab in /etc/file
[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/mtab >> /disk/file

Merging tow commands with pipe sign output of the first command is input of second command
[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/squid/squid.conf I more

Count the total lines of squid.conf
[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/squid/squid.conf I wc -L

Show only spool words in squid.conf
[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/squid/squid.conf I grep spool

Flush the contents of file
[root@pc1 disk]# cat /dev/null > /var/log/messages

Speed Up System Application's

It is Small But Power full Setting's Try These.......

CLick on: Start Menu
Go To: Run
Type: Regedit
Look For the Keys: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentConrolSet\Control \Session Manager\Memory Management\PrefetchParameters
Now Look For The DWORD KEY : ENABLEPREFETCHERA
Its Default Value Is: 3
Change The Value To: 6

Now Close The Registery Editor And Restart Your Computer

Note: If u Change its Value to 1 It'll b verry Slow

Rescue A Laptop after a liquid Spill

When liquids meet electronics, you can't waste time. Conductive liquids cause most of the initial damage. Immediately unplug the laptop from its power cord, and pull out the battery. Don't bother closing programs or saving data.

Tilt the laptop to let the liquid out.
Working quickly, remove all cables and attachments, plus any swappable optical drive or PC card. Tilt the laptop to get most of the liquid out the same way it came in, but be careful as you turn the machine over. Keep liquid away from the LCD. If liquid is on the surface, however, dab the outside with a clean towel.

Remove the laptops battery. Depending on your available tools and disassembly skills, remove more parts. Unscrew the outer case, and remove the plastic shell to expose the internal circuits. You can disassemble parts even further, separating individual components to help them dry. Do as much of this as you are comfortable with.

If you can, remove the keyboard.
If advanced disassembly unnerves you, consider taking the laptop to a good local repair shop at this stage. But even without further assistance, your first aid may save your system.

If you do disassemble the PC consider cleaning the affected parts with electronics circuit cleaner. If all you spilled was a little water, this step is likely more trouble than it's worth. Other drinks are more conductive and corrosive. However, if you've spilled a lot of liquid--more than a quarter of a cup--dab the parts with a fresh towel full of circuit cleaner. Work with rubber gloves in a ventilated area.

Swab, and spray compressed air.
Now wait for your system to dry. Leave the laptop disassembled or open and upside-down for a couple of days. Wait even longer if you can. Avoid using a hair dryer to speed up the process. Instead, leave the laptop in a warm room, next to a windowsill or in another dry location. Reassemble the laptop and turn it back on. If the keys are sticky, turn the system off; disassemble the keyboard for fine cleaning with electronics cleaner.

If your laptop still does not work all is not lost, getting the motherboard replaced may cost less than new laptop, if its just the hard drive your worrried about even with liquid damage your files can stil be recovered, this is not a job for an amatuer so pay a pro to do it- but as always its better to have backups than to rely on your HD.

How to Block USB Pen Drives in Computer

1. Open Registry Editor by typing regedit in Run dialog.

2. Navigate to the key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Contro l\

3. Find a sub key inside it named “StorageDevicePolicies”. If it does not exist there then we need to make it. Right click on “Control” key -> New -> Key. Name it “StorageDevicePolicies” without quotes.

4. Now right click on this newly created key and then click New -> DWORD value and name it as “WriteProtect”.

5. Modify this key and give it a value 1.

6. Click OK, and remember to restart the PC.

Now no more data can be transferred to the drive but to start using the drive again just give the “WriteProtect” key a value of 0 instead of 1 and restart the PC.

So any thoughts how you are going to use this trick?

Common Computer Problems

If you have a PC, then you have most likely suffered from computer problems. Most people have accepted that there PC will eventually crash due to a virus or some massive error. However this is a myth.

Why have does your computer have problems?

Well, the biggest problem that your computer has is its owner. More than 80% of computer problems stem from neglecting to perform simple maintenance task such as cleaning your registry, emptying your cache files and updating software regularly. If these task a perform diligently. You would be reading this article from a five year old machine running on Windows 98 operating system. So, lets take a look at the top five computer problems and how to avoid them.

1. Computer has performance has slowed.

This is the number one complaint from most users. There are several reason why this has occurred. However, most can attributed to lack of maintenance. Fragmented data, corrupted registry, spyware, and load of unnecessary programs and services running can all eat away at your PC speed and performance. Manage your programs and cleaning your registry would easily award you a 30% gain in performance speed. Check out The 4 ways to speed up my computer

2. Lockup, freezes, and blue screens of death.

This is a another common computer problem. However, this particular issue is a bit more serious; therefore, it needs a few diagnostic steps. In most cases this problems are caused by spyware. To avoid this problem update your anti-spyware program daily. Having the most up to date signatures will help you avoid having a serious spyware problem. However, if you have concluded that your PC is spyware free. You should update your hardware drivers. The computer cannot communicate with various hardware components without an up to date driver. When it cannot find a driver, the CPU locks up. Also, increasing your virtual memory can also help to avoid freezes. Virtual Memory will allow to you get more use out your computer's RAM. Check the resource box for more info on the subject.

3. The computer spontaneously reboots or turn itself off.

This computer problem can be usually attributed to a hardware issue. Usually its the power supply is dying or in most cases a dirty or defective cooling fan. The computer trying to cool itself by automatically switching off. So, if you feel a bit of extra heat coming out the computer. Clean the fan and make sure it running properly. If your fan is functional, check your power supply. Also, you will be surprised how many people fail to make sure the cables are attached tightly. This be the cause of this particular computer problem.

4. Strange noises and vibrations.

This is almost totally a hardware issue. You computer is made up of thousands of parts. Its not unheard of that one of them can become unhinged. Overheating can cause expansion of wires and melt some sensitive. High pitch noises such as squealing or whining sounds can be cause electronic components. Whatever the reason, you conduct a small investigation. Remove the case and run the computer to discover the origin of the computer problem. If its not a simple matter such as a loose wire or fan issue, it may be time to call a computer tech.

5. Your home page, default search engine, or web browser has changed itself.

This is also known as "high-jacking". Spyware has been installed on your computer via social networking or from email link. This action has allowed spyware to install a java script into your web browser. The spyware then sends a message to your browser to change your user settings. For example change your home page to another web page.

As you have discovered from reading the article, the most common computer problems can be handle quite easily by simple maintenance of your PC. Net time you are suffering from computer problems. Take a few minutes to run some diagnostic test before rushing out to computer technical center claiming your PC is broken. When all you need to do was just make sure it was plugged in.

Wednesday, December 16, 2009

Boot system Faster

Many computers take a lot of time to boot (or start ).This is due to many reasons.

Some slight changes can do wonders for your system:

1.Press start->run then type msconfig and press enter.

Go to the startup tab. Here you will see a list of startup items. These are all the programs that automatically start when you boot your PC. It is these that slow down the boot up process.

So uncheck all the unwanted items like ms-office, messengers other utilities that u may not need at startup). Don't uncheck your antivirus software.

Restart your Pc to and see for yourself, your pc will now boot faster....

2.A great new feature in Microsoft Windows XP is the ability to do a boot defragment. This places all boot files next to each other on the disk to allow for faster booting. By default this option is enabled, but on some systems it is not, so below is the information on how to turn it on:

Go to Start Menu and Click Run
Type in regedit then click ok
Find "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Dfrg\BootOp t imizeFunction"
Select "Enable" from the list on the right
Right on it and select "Modify"
Change the value to Y .
Reboot your Pc and see the change yourself.

3.SPEED UP BOOT BY DISABLING UNUSED PORTS.!!

You may have tried many tweaks like modifying windows XP start-up applications, prefetches, unload DLLs method, etc. And yes those methods do work for me.
I have just accidentally found out another way to give you an extra boost in windows XP's boot performance. This is done by disabling your unused devices in
Device Manager. for example, if you don't have input devices that are connected to one of your USB's or COM ports, disabling them will give you an extra performance boost in booting. Go to Control Panel -> System -> Hardware tab -> device manager Disable devices that you don't use for your PC and then restart.

Recovering Scratched CD's

Here’s an easy home remedy, which might give you the desired results. Rub a small amount of toothpaste on the scratch and polish the CD with a soft cloth and any petroleum-based polishing solution (like clear shoe polish). Squirt a drop of Brasso and wipe it with a clean cloth.

Technology to the rescue:There are many softwares available on the net, which enable the recovery of the CD data. BadCopy Pro is one such software, which can be used to recover destroyed data and files from a range of media.
Just a few clicks is all it requires to recover the disc from almost all kind of damage situation; be it corrupted, lost data, unreadable or defective.
DiskDoctors is another popular company, which offers both software and solutions to recover data from a scratched CDs and DVDs

General Tips:

* Always wipe the CD from the center outward with straight spoke-like strokes. Wiping CDs in circles will create more scratches.

* Do not scratch the graphics layer as you cannot repair the disc.
HINT: Hold the disc up to a light with the graphics layer facing the light source. If you can see light thru the scratches at any point then the disc may be irreparable and or exhibit loading or playing errors.

* Clean your Disc players lens regularly with a suitable product to ensure optimal viewing pleasure.

* Make sure to use a soft, lint-free cloth to clean both sides of the disc. Wipe in a straight line from the centre of the disc to the outer edge.

* If wiping with a cloth does not remove a fingerprint or smudge, use a specialized DVD disc polishing spray to clean the disc.

WI-FI Without Routers

sharing your existing ethernet internet connection

1. go to control panel -> network connection.
2. right click on your ethernet connection and click on “properties”.
3. go to “advanced” tab.
4. check “allow other network….. internet connection”
5. in the drop down below select the wifi connection of your pc. if it is disabled, it will be showing your wifi connection already.
6. click on “settings”
7. check the protocols you need to share.i normally use only http and https.
8. click on “ok”.you reach the network connection page. the sharing part is now over.

finding dns server ip address.

1. click on start -> run
2. type in cmd in the run prompt
3. in the new window type “ipconfig /all” and press enter.
4. note down your dns server ip address from the screen.

configuring the wifi

1. go again to control panel -> network connections.
2. right click on your wifi connection and click “properties”.
3. go to”wireless network” tab.
4. the “use windows to configure my wireless network connection” should be checked.
5. in the preferred network connection section click on add button
6. enter a name of your wish to the network name.
7. network authentication is “open”
8. change data encryption to “disabled”
9. check the “this is a computer to computer …. not used” connection.
10. click “ok”.
11. click on general tab. select “internet protocol(tcp/ip) and click on properties button.
12. now type 192.168.0.1 in ip address, 255.255.255.0 in subnet mask, leave default gateway empty.
13. fill in the dns server entry which you had noted down earlier.
14. click on “ok” and your network is set.

your network should appear on the wifi network list now. search for wlan on your phone. connect and enjoy browsing on your phone.

Use GMail as Your SMTP Server

One of the little-known freebies Gmail offers is a portable SMTP server to send mail from any network for any email address. Travellers who use their ISP's SMTP server to send mail with their email program (like Thunderbird or Outlook Express) can find themselves in a bind if they're on another network away from home, like at a coffee shop, airport or visiting relatives. But if you've got a free Gmail account (get one here) you can use Google's SMTP server to send mail through Thunderbird from you@example.com Update: Google rewrites the from address to your Gmail address..

Here's how to set it up:

In your email client software, under Outgoing mail, set the SMTP server to smtp.gmail.com.
Set the your username is yourgooglemailname@gmail.com and make sure "Use username and password" is checked.
Also check off "TLS" under "Use secure connection."
And voila! You can send mail for any email address from any network (that lets you connect to an outside SMTP server) using your Gmail account - be sure to enter your Gmail password when prompted. Check out Gmail's help section on POP access for Gmail for specific instructions for setting this up with your email program. If you only want to use the SMTP server, skip the POP bits and only set up SMTP to work with your existing email account. Update 1: I was remiss not to point out that Gmail will set the from address for messages sent through smtp.google.com toyourgoogleemailname@gmail.com when using this method. Profuse apologies.

A reader says: "Some clarification: I set up Gmail for a client for SMTP access, and we discovered the following huge drawback: Gmail automatically rewrites the "from" line of any e-mail you send via their SMTP gateway to your Gmail address, and it overrides any Reply-To settings you may have in your e-mail software in favor of the one in Gmail's web interface. So while Gmail's SMTP access sure is handy, it's not a perfect solution for everybody.

On the plus side, Gmail also stores and indexes anything you send via SMTP as if you had sent it using the website, so all your e-mail is still searchable and in one place. Also, since Gmail SMTP does not use port 25, I've yet to see an ISP that won't allow me to send mail through it." Thanks, David! Update 2: The Gmail spooler is no longer available, but a reader says Gmail invites can be had at bytetest.com. Thanks, Darin! Update 3: Reader Derek Bennett says, "The solution is to go into your gmail Settings:Accounts and "Make default" an account other than your gmail account. This will cause gmail to re-write the From field with whatever the default account's email address is."

Find The IP Address Of E-Mail Sender

Finding IP Address Of the Sender In Hotmail!!
Log into your Hotmail account with your username and password.
Click on the Mail tab on the top.
Open the mail.
If you do not see the headers above the mail message, your headers are not displayed . To display the headers,
Click on Options on the top-right corner
In the Mail Options page, click on Mail Display Settings
In Message Headers, make sure Advanced option is checked.
Click on Ok button
Go back to the mails and open that mail.
If you find a header with X-Originating-IP: followed by an IP address, that is the sender's IP address
Hotmail headers : Daniel ,In this case the IP address of the sender is [68.34.60.59]. This is be the IP address of the sender.
If you find a header with Received: from followed by a Gmail proxy like this
Hotmail headers : Daniel
Look for Received: from followed by IP address within square brackets[]. In this case, the IP address of the sender is [69.140.7.58].
Or else if you have headers like this
Hotmail headers : Daniel
Look for Received: from followed by IP address within square brackets[].
In this case, the IP address of the sender is [61.83.145.129] .
If you have multiple Received: from headers, eliminate the ones that have proxy.anyknownserver.com.

Finding IP Address Of the Sender In Yahoo Mail!!
Log into your Yahoo! mail with your username and password.
Click on Inbox or whichever folder you have stored your mail.
Open the mail.
If you do not see the headers above the mail message, your headers are not displayed . To display the headers,
Click on Options on the top-right corner
In the Mail Options page, click on General Preferences
Scroll down to Messages where you have the Headers option
Make sure that Show all headers on incoming messages is selected
Click on the Save button
Go back to the mails and open that mail.
You should see similar headers like this:
Yahoo! headers : Daniel.
Look for Received: from followed by the IP address between square brackets [ ]. Here, it is 202.65.138.109.
That is be the IP address of the sender!

Finding IP Address Of the Sender In GMail!!

When you receive an email, you receive more than just the message. The email comes with headers that carry important information that can tell where the email was sent from and possibly who sent it. For that, you would need to find the IP address of the sender. The tutorial below can help you find the IP address of the sender.

Log into your Gmail account with your username and password.
Open the mail.
To display the headers,
Click on More options corresponding to that thread. You should get a bunch of links. Click on Show original

You should get headers like this:
Gmail headers : Daniel
Look for Received: from followed by a few hostnames and an IP address between square brackets. In this case, it is 65.119.112.245.

That is be the IP address of the sender!!

NOTE:=
This will not work if the sender uses anonymous proxy servers.

Airtel Hack

Airtel Hack For Free Internet Access

All you need to have is
–>PC
–>Serial/USB cable/Bluetooth dongle
–>Any Browser(I suggest Opera as we can browse both wap and other sites)

Follow These Steps:
—>Activate Airtel Live sending a message MASALA Active to 121
—>Create a profile with the following settings in your data account under Data Communication

GATEWAY : 100.1.200.99
APN : airtelfun.com
USERNAME : blank
PASSWORD : blank
PASS REQ : OFF
ALLOW CALLS : AUTOMATIC
IPADDRESS :
DNSADDRESS :
DATA COMP : OFF
HEADER COMP : OFF

and then Under INTERNET PROFILES,

INTERNET MODE : HTTP or WAP (both works)
USE PROXY : YES
IP ADDRESS : 100.1.200.99
PORT : 8080
USERNAME :
PASSWORD :

–>Create a new dial-up connection on your pc after connecting the mobile to pc,using the NEW CONNECTION WIZARD as follows

ISP Name : Anyname
Phone Number : *99***1#
Username and Password : blank

–>Configure your browser to use the proxy 100.1.200.99 and port 8080.

–>Connect to the dial-up account. You will be connected at 115.2kbps

—>Now if you try to access any site on your mobile you ll get an error message like “Access Denied”

—>Open your browser, and start browsing and voila it opens the regular sites and if u beleive ull get a d/l speed of 5-6 kbps

Common Errors:
If you are getting any error wile dialing a dial up connection than go to
Control panel>> Phone and modem>>>select modem and click on its properties >>advanced
and enter the following initialization commands
CODE
AT+CGDCONT=2, “IP”,”airtelfun.com”,”",0,0

Now it should be connected without any error......!

Speed Up Browsing

When you connect to a web site your computer sends information back and forth. Some of this information deals with resolving the site name to an IP address, the stuff that TCP/IP really deals with, not words. This is DNS information and is used so that you will not need to ask for the site location each and every time you visit the site. Although Windows XP and Windows XP have a pretty efficient DNS cache, you can increase its overall performance by increasing its size. You can do this with the registry entries below: Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Servic es\Dnscache\Parameters] "CacheHashTableBucketSize"=dword:00000001 "CacheHashTableSize"=dword:00000180 "MaxCacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000fa00 "MaxSOACacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000012d Make a new text file and rename it to dnscache.reg. Then copy and paste the above into it and save it. Merge it into the registry.

Increase Internet Speed Secret

Microsoft reserves 20% of your available bandwidth for their own purposes like Windows Updates and interrogating your PC etc To get it back: Click Start then Run and type "gpedit.msc" without quotes.This opens the group policy editor. Then go to: Local Computer Policy then Computer Configuration then Administrative Templates then Network then QOS Packet Scheduler and then to Limit Reservable Bandwidth. Double click on Limit Reservable bandwidth. It will say it is not configured, but the truth is under the 'Explain' tab i.e."By default, the Packet Scheduler limits the system to 20 percent of the bandwidth of a connection, but you can use this setting to override the default." So the trick is to ENABLE reservable bandwidth, then set it to ZERO. This will allow the system to reserve nothing, rather than the default 20%.It works on Win 2000 as well

Start Computer in 10 Seconds

Click on the start button then press R it will take u to Run well go to runand type Regedit
press enter
this will open Registery Editor
now look for the key

HKEY_LOACAL_MECHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Contr ol\ContentIndex

now there find the Key Called
"Startup Delay"
Double Click On It
Now where its Base
Click Decimal
Now its Default Value Is 4800000
Change The Value To 40000
here u go u have done it
now close the Registery Editor and Restart Your Computer
You'll See The Result

Assign Permanent Letter To Pendrives

If you have multiple pen drives you might have noticed that every time you put in your drive it will be assigned a different drive letter.

This can be frustrating when trying to run backups or opening files from software as recent drive letter is changed. Even if you have created playlist of the songs which are in your pen drive it won’t work if the drive letter is changed.

Here are the steps you will have to follow to assign a permanent drive letter:-

1. Go to Start > Run

2. Type mmc in the box and hit enter.

3. Select File > New

4. Now select File > Add/Remove Snap-in.

5. Select “Disk Management” and click “Add”

6. Select “OK“.

7. Select “This computer” and then “Finish”

8. Now press “OK” on the “Add or Remove snap-ins” screen.

9. Now select “Disk Management” from the left menu.

10.You will now see all of your drives/partitions in the right hand side panel.

11.Right click the USB drive you want to assign a permanent letter to and select “Change Drive Letter and Paths…”

12. Click on “Change”

13. Select a permanent letter

14. Click “OK”

15. It will warn you about making the change – there is little chance programs you use will be affected by this. If they will, you will probably already be aware of this so don’t worry.

16. The final step is to select File > Save and save the file in the default directory. Close the Console and you are done.

Now eject your usb drive and put it back in and see whether it is showing the assigned letter or not.

10 Steps You Should Do When Your Computer Hanged

You are in the middle of doing your work, suddenly you realized your computer hanged up. But the problem is, you have not saved your work! Don’t panic! There is a solution for that! And you can surely save your file! Here’s how:

1. Click on “ctrl-alt-delete” keys.

The windows task manager will then open, click on all programs that you don’t need and end the task. You will see that all programs on your taskbar will close one by one. If this will resolve the issue! – then save! (tip# 1: if you’re working on an MS Office application, it will automatically save your file in case the programs suddenly shut down — tip# 2: always save your file at least every 2 minutes by just simply clicking on the “diskette icon”— its just one click!)

2. If it did not resolve the issue,

are there some users logged on that computer? If so, go to switch user (for XP) and log off that user, go back to your log on screen and log on again.

The reason the computer hang up is because if there are many open programs and applications, these retains in the memory, if it is too much for the memory to handle, it freezes! Another reason too the computer hang up is because if you are connected to the internet via dial up, and you are running too many applications and opening many websites. So I suggest, if you are multimedia user or a heavy internet user, then you are better off with a higher memory, at least 512Mb of memory.

There are simple ways to avoid computer to freeze or hang up:

3. Clean your history at least once a week

>tools>internet options>clear history. I normally set my history to “0”, meaning, when I restart my computer, it doesn’t save history pages that I have visited

4. Delete all internet temporary files

>tools>internet options>delete files (do the “offline” content too!)

5. Delete cookies

(some do not do this, but I do delete cookies at least once a week!) >tools>internet options>delete cookies
6. Remove unnecessary programs that you no longer use
they are just occupying space and memory! >control panel>add/remove programs

7. Do defragmentation at least once a week

>point the mouse to “start” button, then right click “explore”>right click the mouse pointing to drive C (which is usually the main system logical drive) >properties>tools>defragment now

8. You can also check the logical drive’s volume for errors

>point the mouse to “start” button, then right click “explore”>right click the mouse pointing to drive C (I repeat, is usually the main system logical drive) >properties>tools>check now

9. It is better to have only one user being logged on.

Even if there are many users, make sure the user logs off after using the computer, rather than keeping it logged on and you do the switching of users. Switching users is good as long as you don’t keep all users logged on—I think that is more logical

10. Always shut down properly the computer

(do NOT use the power button when turning it off!

Reset Root Password For LINUX

Here comes the Steps to reset your root user password if you have forgot it.

Reset the root password in Linux Systems.

1) When it shows the two Os (Windows, Red hat), highlight the red hat option and Press ‘e’.
2) This will show two or three options; in these one of the options will have ‘kernel’ word. Highlight that option and press ‘e’.
3) This will show the grub command line, in that line shown press a space and type ‘1’(no single quotes) to login into the single user mode and press Enter.
4) Linux will start to load and it will show # prompt.
5) Now type ‘passwd’, this will prompt for the new password.
6) Type the new password, once again it will ask for retype, retype once again and press enter.
7) Type exit to quit the prompt and linux will start to load.
8) Now you can login into the root user with your changed password.

Increase RAM Memory

Increase your RAM and so system speed

1). Start any application, say Word. Open some large documents.

2). Press CTRL+SHIFT+ESC to open Windows Task Manager and click Processes tab and sort the list in descending order on Mem Usage. You will notice that WINWORD.EXE will be somewhere at the top, using multiple MBs of memory.

3). Now switch to Word and simply minimize it. (Don't use the Minimize All Windows option of the task bar).

4). Now go back to the Windows Task Manager and see where WINWORD.EXE is listed. Most probably you will not find it at the top. You will typically have to scroll to the bottom of the list to find Word. Now check out the amount of RAM it is using. Surprised? The memory utilization has reduced by a huge amount.

5). Minimize each application that you are currently not working on by clicking on the Minimize button & you can increase the amount of available RAM by a substantial margin. Depending upon the number and type of applications you use together, the difference can be as much as 50 percent of extra RAM.

Actually it is decreasing the amount of RAM Memory Used By the Computer

In any multitasking system, minimizing an application means that it won't be utilized by the user right now. Therefore, the OS automatically makes the application use virtual memory & keeps bare minimum amounts of the code in physical RAM.

Tuesday, December 15, 2009

IP Commands

Display Connection Configuration: ipconfig /all

Display DNS Cache Info Configuration: ipconfig /displaydns

Clear DNS Cache: ipconfig /flushdns

Release All IP Address Connections: ipconfig /release

Renew All IP Address Connections: ipconfig /renew

Re-Register the DNS connections: ipconfig /registerdns

Display DHCP Class Information:ipconfig /showclassid

Change/Modify DHCP Class ID: ipconfig /setclassid

Network Connections: control netconnections

Network Setup Wizard: netsetup.cpl

Test Connectivity: ping

Trace IP address Route: tracert

Displays the TCP/IP protocol sessions: netstat

Display Local Route: route

Display Resolved MAC Addresses: arp

Display Name of Computer Currently on: hostname

Windows 7 Installation Guide

Windows 7 Installation Guide
A Brief Set of Instructions with Screenshot's

Windows Seven 7 in some simple steps.

This image has been resized. Click this bar to view the full image. The original image is sized 1024x768.

So, now getting hands dirty!!

Q: How hard is it to install Windows 7 as a dual boot? At present, you might be using Windows XP or Windows Vista on your machines, most probably and you are planning to taste the flavor of Windows Seven. Surely you can do that.

So lemme summarize over what you need to download and install Windows Seven on your machine.

Lets discuss this in point, so that you can remember it well.

1. First and Foremost, you need Windows Seven to be downloaded/already downloaded/ bought.

2. OK, so now you have the file. What next?? You need to download one more file if You wish to install Windows Seven OS without the need to write the ISO file on a DVD and perform a normal installation.

You need to download DAEMON Tools/magisiso/ultra iso/poweriso to burn DVD

3. Backup all important files

4.Now, we are ready to install the OS

5. You need an empty drive with at least 5-9 GB to install Windows Seven effortlessly. So, create an empty drive and label it appropriately so that you can remember which drive is that at the time of the installation.

Step 6. So, install the DAEMON tool /power iso/ultra iso now and you can see it in the System Tray like this. now and you can see it in the System Tray like this.

It’s the one on the First Line First Item. Looks like a bolt of light from Heaven, doesn’t it?

Step 7. Now, right click on it and choose Virtual CD/DVD-ROM to enter into multitude of options to load the Windows Seven ISO file that you have downloaded. Choose the file wherever it is and the DAEMON tools application launches the installation file which asks you to Install Windows Seven on your machine.

8. Click on the install button and the setup starts and asks you the following screens under which I have mentioned what to do. Follow these steps if you wish to install Windows Seven on an empty drive and place it in the dual boot so that you can choose to enter your previous installation of Windows XP or Windows Vista and Windows Seven.

9. Here goes the first boring screen which states by itself what it’s doing. Based on your PC speed you may see it for longer time.

This image has been resized. Click this bar to view the full image. The original image is sized 1149x803.

10.You can click on the image below to view what it says. But, I would advice you to choose the Second option which says “Do not get latest updates for Installation”.